Last updated: 2025-04-13

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Knit directory: KODAMA-Analysis/

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Introduction

Here, we apply KODAMA to analyze the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) data by 10x Visium from Maynard et al., 2021. The links to download the raw data and H&E full resolution images can be found in the LieberInstitute/spatialLIBD github page.

Loading the required libraries

library("nnSVG")
library("scater")
library("scran")
library("scry")
library("SPARK")
library("harmony")
library("Seurat")
library("spatialLIBD")
library("KODAMAextra")
library("mclust")
library("slingshot")
library("irlba")
library("Rnanoflann")
library("ggpubr")

Download the dataset

spe <- fetch_data(type = 'spe')

Extract the metadata information

n.cores=40
splitting = 100
spatial.resolution = 0.3
aa_noise=3
gene_number=2000
graph = 20
seed=543210


set.seed(seed)
ID=unlist(lapply(strsplit(rownames(colData(spe)),"-"),function(x) x[1]))
samples=colData(spe)$sample_id
rownames(colData(spe))=paste(ID,samples,sep="-")

txtfile=paste(splitting,spatial.resolution,aa_noise,2,gene_number,sep="_")

sample_names=c("151507",
               "151508",
               "151509",
               "151510",
               "151669",
               "151670",
               "151671",
               "151672",
               "151673",
               "151674",
               "151675",
               "151676")
subject_names= c("Br5292","Br5595", "Br8100")
metaData = SingleCellExperiment::colData(spe)
expr = SingleCellExperiment::counts(spe)
sample_names <- paste0("sample_", unique(colData(spe)$sample_id))
sample_names <-  unique(colData(spe)$sample_id)
dim(spe)
[1] 33538 47681
# identify mitochondrial genes
is_mito <- grepl("(^MT-)|(^mt-)", rowData(spe)$gene_name)
table(is_mito)
is_mito
FALSE  TRUE 
33525    13 
# calculate per-spot QC metrics
spe <- addPerCellQC(spe, subsets = list(mito = is_mito))

# select QC thresholds
qc_lib_size <- colData(spe)$sum < 500
qc_detected <- colData(spe)$detected < 250
qc_mito <- colData(spe)$subsets_mito_percent > 30
qc_cell_count <- colData(spe)$cell_count > 12

# spots to discard
discard <- qc_lib_size | qc_detected | qc_mito | qc_cell_count
table(discard)
discard
FALSE  TRUE 
46653  1028 
colData(spe)$discard <- discard
# filter low-quality spots
spe <- spe[, !colData(spe)$discard]
dim(spe)
[1] 33538 46653
spe <- filter_genes(
  spe,
  filter_genes_ncounts = 2,   #ncounts
  filter_genes_pcspots = 0.5,
  filter_mito = TRUE
)

dim(spe)
[1]  6623 46653
sel= !is.na(colData(spe)$layer_guess_reordered)
spe = spe[,sel]
dim(spe)
[1]  6623 46318
spe <- computeLibraryFactors(spe)
spe <- logNormCounts(spe)

 subjects=colData(spe)$subject
 labels=as.factor(colData(spe)$layer_guess_reordered)
 xy=as.matrix(spatialCoords(spe))
 samples=colData(spe)$sample_id
 
 cols_cluster <- c("#0000b6", "#81b29a", "#f2cc8f","#e07a5f",
          "#cc00b6", "#81ccff", "#33b233")

  plot_slide(xy,samples,labels,col=cols_cluster,size.dot = 1)

Version Author Date
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
f6bab12 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-19
png 
  2 

Gene selection

The identification of genes that display spatial expression patterns is performed using the SPARKX method (Zhu et al. (2021)). The genes are ranked based on the median value of the logarithm value of the p-value obtained in each slide individually.

top=multi_SPARKX(spe,n.cores=n.cores)
Warning in asMethod(object): sparse->dense coercion: allocating vector of size
2.3 GiB
data=as.matrix(t(logcounts(spe)[top[1:gene_number],]))

genes=spe@rowRanges@elementMetadata$gene_name
names(genes)=spe@rowRanges@elementMetadata$gene_id

samples=colData(spe)$sample_id
labels=as.factor(colData(spe)$layer_guess_reordered)
names(labels)=rownames(colData(spe))
subjects=colData(spe)$subject
genes=rowData(spe)[,"gene_name"]
names(genes)=rowData(spe)$gene_id
genes_top=genes[top[1:gene_number]]

Patient Br5595

subject_names="Br5595"
nclusters=5

spe_sub <- spe[, colData(spe)$subject ==  subject_names]
 # subjects=colData(spe_sub)$subject
dim(spe_sub)
[1]  6623 14646
#  spe_sub <- runPCA(spe_sub, 50,subset_row = top[1:gene_number], scale=TRUE)
#pca=reducedDim(spe_sub,type = "PCA")[,1:50]
  
spe_sub <- spe[, colData(spe)$subject ==  subject_names]
sel= subjects ==  subject_names
        
data_Br5595=data[sel,top[1:gene_number]]
        
RNA.scaled=scale(data_Br5595)
pca_results <- irlba(A = RNA.scaled, nv = 50)
pca_Br5595 <- pca_results$u %*% diag(pca_results$d)[,1:50]
rownames(pca_Br5595)=rownames(data_Br5595)
colnames(pca_Br5595)=paste("PC",1:50,sep="")
labels=as.factor(colData(spe_sub)$layer_guess_reordered)
names(labels)=rownames(colData(spe_sub))
xy=as.matrix(spatialCoords(spe_sub))
rownames(xy)=rownames(colData(spe_sub))
samples=colData(spe_sub)$sample_id

        subject_names_Br5595=colData(spe_sub)$subject

plot(pca_Br5595, pch=20,col=as.factor(colData(spe_sub)$sample_id))

Version Author Date
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09

KODAMA analysis

set.seed(seed)
kk=KODAMA.matrix.parallel(pca_Br5595,
                          spatial = xy,
                          samples=samples,
                          landmarks = 100000,
                          splitting = splitting,
                          ncomp = 50,
                          spatial.resolution = spatial.resolution,
                          n.cores=n.cores,
                          seed = seed)
Calculating Network

Calculating Network spatial
socket cluster with 40 nodes on host 'localhost'
================================================================================
Finished parallel computation

[1] "Calculation of dissimilarity matrix..."
================================================================================
print("KODAMA finished")
[1] "KODAMA finished"
config=umap.defaults
config$n_threads = n.cores
config$n_sgd_threads = "auto"

kk_UMAP=KODAMA.visualization(kk,method="UMAP",config=config)
plot(kk_UMAP,pch=20,col=cols_cluster[labels])

Version Author Date
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
png 
  2 

Graph-based clustering

    # Graph-based clustering

g <- bluster::makeSNNGraph(as.matrix(kk_UMAP), k = 20)
g_walk <- igraph::cluster_walktrap(g)
clu <- as.character(igraph::cut_at(g_walk, no = 2))
plot(kk_UMAP,pch=20,col=cols_cluster[as.factor(clu)])

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
c9d54ee Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-11
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03
f8ca54a tkcaccia 2024-07-14
  plot_slide(xy,as.factor(samples),clu,col=cols_cluster,size.dot = 1)

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
png 
  2 
FB=names(which.min(table(clu)))
selFB=clu!=FB

 # kk_UMAP=kk_UMAP[selFB,]
#  labels=labels[selFB]
#  samples=samples[selFB]
#  xy=xy[selFB,]
    
      
g <- bluster::makeSNNGraph(as.matrix(kk_UMAP[selFB,]), k = graph)
g_walk <- igraph::cluster_walktrap(g)
clu <- as.character(igraph::cut_at(g_walk, no = nclusters))
plot(kk_UMAP[selFB,],pch=20,col=as.factor(clu))

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1edc32b Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-11
c9d54ee Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-11
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03
f8ca54a tkcaccia 2024-07-14
ref=refine_SVM(xy[selFB,],clu,samples[selFB],cost=100)
[1] "151669"
[1] "151670"
[1] "151671"
[1] "151672"
u=unique(samples[selFB])
for(j in u){
  sel=samples[selFB]==j
  print(mclust::adjustedRandIndex(labels[selFB][sel],ref[sel]))
}
[1] 0.7433529
[1] 0.7503761
[1] 0.8065421
[1] 0.745585
plot_slide(xy,samples,labels,col=cols_cluster,size.dot = 1)

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1edc32b Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-11
c9d54ee Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-11
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03
f8ca54a tkcaccia 2024-07-14
plot_slide(xy[selFB,],samples[selFB],ref,col=cols_cluster,size.dot = 1)

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03
f8ca54a tkcaccia 2024-07-14
kk_UMAP_Br5595=kk_UMAP
samples_Br5595=samples
xy_Br5595=xy
labels_Br5595=labels
ref_Br5595=ref
clu_Br5595=clu

save(top,kk_UMAP_Br5595,samples_Br5595,xy_Br5595,labels_Br5595,subject_names_Br5595,ref_Br5595,clu_Br5595,selFB,file="output/DLFPC-Br5595.RData")

save(top,data_Br5595,pca_Br5595,samples_Br5595,xy_Br5595,labels_Br5595,subject_names_Br5595,selFB,file="data/DLFPC-Br5595-input.RData")

Patient Br5292

subject_names="Br5292"
nclusters=7

spe_sub <- spe[, colData(spe)$subject ==  subject_names]
dim(spe_sub)
[1]  6623 17734
spe_sub <- spe[, colData(spe)$subject ==  subject_names]
sel= subjects ==  subject_names
data_Br5292=data[sel,top[1:gene_number]]
RNA.scaled=scale(data_Br5292)
pca_results <- irlba(A = RNA.scaled, nv = 50)
pca_Br5292 <- pca_results$u %*% diag(pca_results$d)[,1:50]
rownames(pca_Br5292)=rownames(data_Br5292)
colnames(pca_Br5292)=paste("PC",1:50,sep="")
labels=as.factor(colData(spe_sub)$layer_guess_reordered)
names(labels)=rownames(colData(spe_sub))
xy=as.matrix(spatialCoords(spe_sub))
rownames(xy)=rownames(colData(spe_sub))
samples=colData(spe_sub)$sample_id
subject_names_Br5292=colData(spe_sub)$subject
plot(pca_Br5292, pch=20,col=as.factor(colData(spe_sub)$sample_id))

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03
f8ca54a tkcaccia 2024-07-14

KODAMA analysis

set.seed(seed)
kk=KODAMA.matrix.parallel(pca_Br5292,
                          
                          spatial = xy,
                          samples=samples,
                          landmarks = 100000,
                          splitting = splitting,
                          ncomp = 50,
                          spatial.resolution = spatial.resolution,
                          n.cores=n.cores,
                          seed = seed)
Calculating Network

Calculating Network spatial
socket cluster with 40 nodes on host 'localhost'
================================================================================
Finished parallel computation

[1] "Calculation of dissimilarity matrix..."
================================================================================
  print("KODAMA finished")
[1] "KODAMA finished"
     config=umap.defaults
     config$n_threads = n.cores
     config$n_sgd_threads = "auto"
     kk_UMAP=KODAMA.visualization(kk,method="UMAP",config=config)

     plot(kk_UMAP,pch=20,col=as.factor(labels))

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03

Graph-based clustering

    # Graph-based clustering

  
        
        g <- bluster::makeSNNGraph(as.matrix(kk_UMAP), k = graph)
        
        g_walk <- igraph::cluster_walktrap(g)
        clu <- as.character(igraph::cut_at(g_walk, no = nclusters))
        
    plot(kk_UMAP,pch=20,col=as.factor(clu))

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03
        ref=refine_SVM(xy,clu,samples,cost=100)
[1] "151507"
[1] "151508"
[1] "151509"
[1] "151510"
        u=unique(samples)
        for(j in u){
          sel=samples==j
          
            print(mclust::adjustedRandIndex(labels[sel],ref[sel]))
        }
[1] 0.4462599
[1] 0.4843513
[1] 0.4496646
[1] 0.4064282
          g <- bluster::makeSNNGraph(as.matrix(kk_UMAP), k = graph)
          
          g_walk <- igraph::cluster_walktrap(g)
          clu <- as.character(igraph::cut_at(g_walk, no = nclusters))
          ref=refine_SVM(xy,clu,samples,cost=100)
[1] "151507"
[1] "151508"
[1] "151509"
[1] "151510"
          u=unique(samples)
          for(j in u){
            sel=samples==j
            print(mclust::adjustedRandIndex(labels[sel],ref[sel]))
          }
[1] 0.4462599
[1] 0.4843513
[1] 0.4496646
[1] 0.4064282
plot_slide(xy,samples,labels,col=cols_cluster,size.dot = 1)

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
    plot_slide(xy,samples,ref,col=cols_cluster,size.dot = 1)

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
kk_UMAP_Br5292=kk_UMAP
samples_Br5292=samples
xy_Br5292=xy
labels_Br5292=labels
ref_Br5292=ref
clu_Br5292=clu
save(top,kk_UMAP_Br5292,pca_Br5292,samples_Br5292,xy_Br5292,subject_names_Br5292,labels_Br5292,ref_Br5292,clu_Br5292,file="output/DLFPC-Br5292.RData")

save(top,data_Br5292,pca_Br5292,samples_Br5292,xy_Br5292,labels_Br5292,subject_names_Br5292,file="data/DLFPC-Br5292-input.RData")

Patient Br8100

subject_names="Br8100"

nclusters=7

  spe_sub <- spe[, colData(spe)$subject ==  subject_names]
  dim(spe_sub)
[1]  6623 13938
#  spe_sub <- runPCA(spe_sub, 50,subset_row = top[1:gene_number], scale=TRUE)

  #pca=reducedDim(spe_sub,type = "PCA")[,1:50]
  
  
  
    
        
        spe_sub <- spe[, colData(spe)$subject ==  subject_names]
        sel= subjects ==  subject_names
        

        data_Br8100=data[sel,top[1:gene_number]]
        
        RNA.scaled=scale(data_Br8100)
        pca_results <- irlba(A = RNA.scaled, nv = 50)
        pca_Br8100 <- pca_results$u %*% diag(pca_results$d)[,1:50]
        rownames(pca_Br8100)=rownames(data_Br8100)
        colnames(pca_Br8100)=paste("PC",1:50,sep="")
        labels=as.factor(colData(spe_sub)$layer_guess_reordered)
        names(labels)=rownames(colData(spe_sub))
        xy=as.matrix(spatialCoords(spe_sub))
        rownames(xy)=rownames(colData(spe_sub))
        samples=colData(spe_sub)$sample_id
        subject_names_Br8100=colData(spe_sub)$subject

  plot(pca_Br8100, pch=20,col=as.factor(colData(spe_sub)$sample_id))

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03

KODAMA analysis

set.seed(seed)
kk=KODAMA.matrix.parallel(pca_Br8100,
                          spatial = xy,
                          samples=samples,
                          landmarks = 100000,
                          splitting = splitting,
                          ncomp = 50,
                          spatial.resolution = spatial.resolution,
                          n.cores=n.cores,
                          seed = seed)
Calculating Network

Calculating Network spatial
socket cluster with 40 nodes on host 'localhost'
================================================================================
Finished parallel computation

[1] "Calculation of dissimilarity matrix..."
================================================================================
  print("KODAMA finished")
[1] "KODAMA finished"
     config=umap.defaults
     config$n_threads = n.cores
     config$n_sgd_threads = "auto"
     kk_UMAP=KODAMA.visualization(kk,method="UMAP",config=config)

     plot(kk_UMAP,pch=20,col=as.factor(labels))

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10

Graph-based clustering

    # Graph-based clustering

  
        
        g <- bluster::makeSNNGraph(as.matrix(kk_UMAP), k = graph)
        
        g_walk <- igraph::cluster_walktrap(g)
        clu <- as.character(igraph::cut_at(g_walk, no = nclusters))
        ref=refine_SVM(xy,clu,samples,cost=100)
[1] "151673"
[1] "151674"
[1] "151675"
[1] "151676"
        u=unique(samples)
        for(j in u){
          sel=samples==j
          
            print(mclust::adjustedRandIndex(labels[sel],ref[sel]))
        }
[1] 0.599265
[1] 0.658843
[1] 0.6486061
[1] 0.5928946
          g <- bluster::makeSNNGraph(as.matrix(kk_UMAP), k = graph)
          
          g_walk <- igraph::cluster_walktrap(g)
          clu <- as.character(igraph::cut_at(g_walk, no = nclusters))
          
           plot(kk_UMAP,pch=20,col=as.factor(clu))

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03
          ref=refine_SVM(xy,clu,samples,cost=100)
[1] "151673"
[1] "151674"
[1] "151675"
[1] "151676"
          u=unique(samples)
          for(j in u){
            sel=samples==j
            print(mclust::adjustedRandIndex(labels[sel],ref[sel]))
          }
[1] 0.599265
[1] 0.658843
[1] 0.6486061
[1] 0.5928946
 plot_slide(xy,samples,labels,col=cols_cluster,size.dot = 1)

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03
    plot_slide(xy,samples,ref,col=cols_cluster,size.dot = 1)

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
kk_UMAP_Br8100=kk_UMAP
samples_Br8100=samples
xy_Br8100=xy
labels_Br8100=labels

ref_Br8100=ref
clu_Br8100=clu 
save(top,kk_UMAP_Br8100,pca_Br8100,samples_Br8100,xy_Br8100,subject_names_Br8100,labels_Br8100,ref_Br8100,clu_Br8100,file="output/DLFPC-Br8100.RData")


save(top,data_Br8100,pca_Br8100,samples_Br8100,xy_Br8100,labels_Br8100,subject_names_Br8100,file="data/DLFPC-Br8100-input.RData")

Saving the results

[1] 1
[1] 2
[1] 3
[1] 4
[1] 5
[1] 6
[1] 7
[1] 8
[1] 9
[1] 10
[1] 11
[1] 12

12 Slides

PCA and HARMONY

 spe <- runPCA(spe, 50,subset_row = top[1:gene_number], scale=TRUE)


 subjects=colData(spe)$subject
 labels=as.factor(colData(spe)$layer_guess_reordered)
 xy=as.matrix(spatialCoords(spe))
 samples=colData(spe)$sample_id
 
  
 

 spe <- RunHarmony(spe, "subject",lambda=NULL)
 pca=reducedDim(spe,type = "HARMONY")[,1:50]
 
 plot(pca, pch=20,col=as.factor(colData(spe_sub)$sample_id))

Version Author Date
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03

KODAMA

set.seed(seed)
kk=KODAMA.matrix.parallel(pca,
                          spatial = xy,
                          samples=samples,
                          landmarks = 100000,
                          splitting = splitting,
                          ncomp = 50,
                          spatial.resolution = spatial.resolution,
                          n.cores=n.cores,
                          seed = seed)
Calculating Network

Calculating Network spatial
socket cluster with 40 nodes on host 'localhost'
================================================================================
Finished parallel computation

[1] "Calculation of dissimilarity matrix..."
================================================================================
print("KODAMA finished")
[1] "KODAMA finished"
config=umap.defaults
config$n_threads = n.cores
config$n_sgd_threads = "auto"

kk_UMAP=KODAMA.visualization(kk,method="UMAP",config=config)
plot(kk_UMAP,pch=20,col=as.factor(labels))

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
df <- data.frame(kk_UMAP[,1:2], tissue=labels,check.names = FALSE)
 
plot1 = ggplot(df, aes(`Dimension 1`, `Dimension 2`, color = tissue)) +labs(title="KODAMA") +
     geom_point(size = 1) +
     theme_bw() + theme(legend.position = "bottom",
                        legend.text = element_text(size = 20),
                        legend.title = element_text(size = 20),
                        axis.title = element_text(size = 22),       # x and y axis labels
                        axis.text = element_text(size = 16),        # tick labels
                        plot.title = element_text(size = 26, face = "bold", hjust = 0) )+
     scale_color_manual("Domain", values = cols_cluster) +
     
     guides(color = guide_legend(nrow = 1,override.aes = list(size = 10)))
plot1

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
1352d91 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-10
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
png 
  2 

CLUSTER

  g <- bluster::makeSNNGraph(as.matrix(kk_UMAP), k = graph)
  g_walk <- igraph::cluster_walktrap(g)
  clu <- as.character(igraph::cut_at(g_walk, no = 7))
  plot(kk_UMAP,pch=20,col=cols_cluster[as.factor(clu)]) 

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03
  plot_slide(xy,samples,clu,col=cols_cluster,size.dot = 1)

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
fd8d092 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-15
  mito=colData(spe)$subsets_mito_percent
  sel_local=(labels=="Layer3" | labels=="Layer4") & 
    (samples=="151669" | samples=="151670" | samples=="151671" | samples=="151672") &
    (clu==1 | clu==6)

  
   
   
library(ggpubr)
library(ggplot2)

df=data.frame(mito=mito[sel_local],labels=as.character(clu[sel_local]))

my_comparisons=list(c("1","6"))
Nplot1=ggboxplot(df, x = "labels", y = "mito", width = 0.8,palette = cols_cluster[c(1,6)] ,las=2,
                 fill="labels",
                 shape=21)+  
    ylab("Mitochondrial gene percentage")+ 
    xlab("")+
    
    stat_compare_means(comparisons = my_comparisons,method="wilcox.test")+
    theme(legend.position = "none",plot.margin = unit(c(2,1,1,1), "cm"))

Nplot1

Version Author Date
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
374d5f0 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-14
png 
  2 
png 
  2 

CLUSTER

We removed the spots with uncertain quality level.

  sel_rem=which((clu %in% names(sort(table(clu)))[1:2]) |
                 rownames(kk_UMAP) %in% rownames(xy_Br5595[!selFB,]))

  kk_UMAP_clear=kk_UMAP[-sel_rem,]
  labels_clear=labels[-sel_rem]
  samples_clear=samples[-sel_rem]
  xy_clear=xy[-sel_rem,]
  data_clear=data[-sel_rem,]
  subjects_clear=subjects[-sel_rem]
  
  clu_clear=kmeans(kk_UMAP_clear,7,nstart = 100)$cluster
  plot(kk_UMAP_clear,col=cols_cluster[labels_clear],pch=20)

png 
  2 

KODAMA plot colored by cluster.

  plot(kk_UMAP_clear,col=cols_cluster[clu_clear],pch=20)

Version Author Date
3305d55 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-20
7b2cb8c Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-16
6038af1 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-10-09
35ce733 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-08-03
u=unique(samples)
for(i in 1:length(u)){
  sel=samples==u[i]
  print(adjustedRandIndex(labels_clear[sel],clu_clear[sel]))
}
[1] 0.5451047
[1] 0.4831456
[1] 0.4813363
[1] 0.4645803
[1] 0.3600907
[1] 0.3385299
[1] 0.4023525
[1] 0.4332784
[1] 0.5425434
[1] 0.5684745
[1] 0.5398805
[1] 0.5276553
ref=refine_SVM(xy_clear,clu_clear,samples_clear,cost=100)
[1] "151507"
[1] "151508"
[1] "151509"
[1] "151510"
[1] "151669"
[1] "151670"
[1] "151671"
[1] "151672"
[1] "151673"
[1] "151674"
[1] "151675"
[1] "151676"
names(ref)=rownames(data_clear)
names(labels_clear)=rownames(data_clear)

u=unique(samples)
for(i in 1:length(u)){
  sel=samples[-sel_rem]==u[i]
  print(adjustedRandIndex(labels_clear[sel],ref[sel]))
}
[1] 0.5757955
[1] 0.5134738
[1] 0.4944026
[1] 0.4885008
[1] 0.4065839
[1] 0.3925779
[1] 0.4671617
[1] 0.5502752
[1] 0.5714412
[1] 0.6139012
[1] 0.6011734
[1] 0.5864472

Trajectory color

d <- slingshot(kk_UMAP_clear, clusterLabels = clu_clear)
trajectory=d@metadata$curves$Lineage1$s
k=Rnanoflann::nn(trajectory,kk_UMAP_clear,1)
map_color=rainbow(nrow(trajectory))[k$indices]
plot(kk_UMAP_clear,pch=20,col=map_color)
points(trajectory,pch=21,bg="white",col=2,lwd=2)

plot_slide(xy_clear,samples_clear,k$indices,col=rainbow(nrow(trajectory)),size.dot = 1)

png 
  2 

The cluster number is reorder based on the trajectory

oo=order(tapply(k$indices,ref,mean))
tra=1:7
names(tra)=oo
ref_ordered=tra[as.character(ref)]
   
plot_slide(xy_clear,samples_clear,ref_ordered,col=cols_cluster,size.dot = 1)

Version Author Date
3305d55 Stefano Cacciatore 2024-12-20
png 
  2 
png 
  2 
png 
  2 

The variable to be used into the deep learning approach

save(ref_ordered,samples_clear,subjects_clear,labels_clear,
     file="output/DLFPC-variablesXdeeplearning.RData")
library(ggalluvial)


plot_sankey_subject <- function(subject_id, labels_clear, ref_ordered, subjects_clear, cols_cluster) {
  sel_sub <- subjects_clear == subject_id
  al <- data.frame(
    expand.grid(list(levels(labels_clear), 1:7)),
    freq = as.numeric(table(labels_clear[sel_sub], ref_ordered[sel_sub]))
  )
  al$Var2 <- as.factor(al$Var2)
  
  ggplot(data = al, aes(axis1 = Var1, axis2 = Var2, y = freq)) +
    geom_alluvium(aes(fill = Var2)) +
    geom_stratum() +
    scale_fill_manual(values = cols_cluster) +
    geom_text(stat = "stratum", aes(label = after_stat(stratum))) +
    theme_void()
}

Sankey_Br5595 <- plot_sankey_subject("Br5595", labels_clear, ref_ordered, subjects_clear, cols_cluster)
Sankey_Br5595

Sankey_Br5292 <- plot_sankey_subject("Br5292", labels_clear, ref_ordered, subjects_clear, cols_cluster)
Sankey_Br5292

Sankey_Br8100 <- plot_sankey_subject("Br8100", labels_clear, ref_ordered, subjects_clear, cols_cluster)
Sankey_Br8100

png 
  2 
subclusters=sort(names(sort(table(ref_ordered,labels_clear)[,"Layer3"],decreasing = TRUE)[1:3]))
print(subclusters)




sa_sel=(ref_ordered %in% subclusters) & (samples_clear %in% c("151669","151670","151671","151672")) & c(labels_clear %in% "Layer3")


plot_slide(xy_clear[sa_sel,],samples_clear[sa_sel],ref_ordered[sa_sel],col=cols_cluster,size.dot = 1)

s1=rownames(data_clear)[which(ref_ordered==subclusters[1] & sa_sel)]
s2=rownames(data_clear)[which(ref_ordered==subclusters[2] & sa_sel)]
s3=rownames(data_clear)[which(ref_ordered==subclusters[3] & sa_sel)]



data_clear_N=data_clear[c(s1,s2,s3),]
data_clear_N=10*t(t(data_clear_N)/colMaxs(data_clear_N))
colnames(data_clear_N)=genes[colnames(data_clear_N)]

lab_S123 <- factor(rep(c("Group1", "Group2", "Group3"), times = c(length(s1), length(s2), length(s3))),levels=c("Group1","Group2","Group3"))
da123=multi_analysis(data_clear_N[c(s1,s2,s3),],lab_S123,FUN="continuous.test",range="95%CI")


lab_S12 <- factor(rep(c("Group1", "Group2"), times = c(length(s1), length(s2))))
lab_S13 <- factor(rep(c("Group1", "Group3"), times = c(length(s1), length(s3))))
da12=multi_analysis(data_clear_N[c(s1,s2),],lab_S12,FUN="continuous.test",alternative = "greater")
da13=multi_analysis(data_clear_N[c(s1,s3),],lab_S13,FUN="continuous.test",alternative = "greater")

rank=order(-log(1+as.numeric(da12$`p-value`))-log(1+as.numeric(da13$`p-value`)),decreasing = TRUE)[1:50]

df=data.frame(da123[,1],
           sublayer1=da123[,2],
           sublayer3=da123[,3],
           sublayer5=da123[,4],
           L1vsL3_pvalue=da12[,4],
           L1vsL3_FDR=da12[,5],
           L1vsL5_pvalue=da13[,4],
           L1vsL5_FDR=da13[,5])[rank,]


write.csv(df,"output/subclusters1.csv")
####

lab_S21 <- factor(rep(c("Group2", "Group1"), times = c(length(s2), length(s1))),levels=c("Group2","Group1"))
lab_S23 <- factor(rep(c("Group2", "Group3"), times = c(length(s2), length(s3))),levels=c("Group2","Group3"))
da21=multi_analysis(data_clear_N[c(s2,s1),],lab_S21,FUN="continuous.test",alternative = "greater",range="95%CI")
da23=multi_analysis(data_clear_N[c(s2,s3),],lab_S23,FUN="continuous.test",alternative = "greater",range="95%CI")

rank=order(-log(1+as.numeric(da21$`p-value`))-log(1+as.numeric(da23$`p-value`)),decreasing = TRUE)[1:50]

df=data.frame(da123[,1],
           sublayer1=da123[,2],
           sublayer3=da123[,3],
           sublayer5=da123[,4],
           L3vsL1_pvalue=da21[,4],
           L3vsL1_FDR=da21[,5],
           L3vsL5_pvalue=da23[,4],
           L3vsL5_FDR=da23[,5])[rank,]


write.csv(df,"output/subclusters2.csv")

####


lab_S31 <- factor(rep(c("Group3", "Group1"), times = c(length(s3), length(s1))),levels=c("Group3","Group1"))
lab_S32 <- factor(rep(c("Group3", "Group2"), times = c(length(s3), length(s2))),levels=c("Group3","Group2"))
da31=multi_analysis(data_clear_N[c(s3,s1),],lab_S31,FUN="continuous.test",alternative = "greater")
da32=multi_analysis(data_clear_N[c(s3,s2),],lab_S32,FUN="continuous.test",alternative = "greater")

rank=order(-log(1+as.numeric(da31$`p-value`))-log(1+as.numeric(da32$`p-value`)),decreasing = TRUE)[1:50]

df=data.frame(da123[,1],
           sublayer1=da123[,2],
           sublayer3=da123[,3],
           sublayer5=da123[,4],
           L5vsL1_pvalue=da31[,4],
           L5vsL1_FDR=da31[,5],
           L5vsL3_pvalue=da32[,4],
           L5vsL3_FDR=da32[,5])[rank,]


write.csv(df,"output/subclusters3.csv")

sessionInfo()
R version 4.4.3 (2025-02-28)
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Running under: Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS

Matrix products: default
BLAS:   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/blas/libblas.so.3.9.0 
LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/lapack/liblapack.so.3.9.0

locale:
 [1] LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8       LC_NUMERIC=C              
 [3] LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8        LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8    
 [5] LC_MONETARY=en_US.UTF-8    LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8   
 [7] LC_PAPER=en_US.UTF-8       LC_NAME=C                 
 [9] LC_ADDRESS=C               LC_TELEPHONE=C            
[11] LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C       

time zone: Etc/UTC
tzcode source: system (glibc)

attached base packages:
[1] parallel  stats4    stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets 
[8] methods   base     

other attached packages:
 [1] patchwork_1.3.0             ggalluvial_0.12.5          
 [3] ggpubr_0.6.0                Rnanoflann_0.0.3           
 [5] irlba_2.3.5.1               slingshot_2.12.0           
 [7] TrajectoryUtils_1.12.0      princurve_2.1.6            
 [9] mclust_6.1.1                KODAMAextra_1.2            
[11] e1071_1.7-16                doParallel_1.0.17          
[13] iterators_1.0.14            foreach_1.5.2              
[15] KODAMA_3.0                  Matrix_1.7-3               
[17] umap_0.2.10.0               Rtsne_0.17                 
[19] minerva_1.5.10              spatialLIBD_1.16.2         
[21] SpatialExperiment_1.14.0    Seurat_5.2.1               
[23] SeuratObject_5.0.2          sp_2.2-0                   
[25] harmony_1.2.3               Rcpp_1.0.14                
[27] SPARK_1.1.1                 scry_1.16.0                
[29] scran_1.32.0                scater_1.32.1              
[31] ggplot2_3.5.1               scuttle_1.14.0             
[33] SingleCellExperiment_1.26.0 SummarizedExperiment_1.34.0
[35] Biobase_2.64.0              GenomicRanges_1.56.2       
[37] GenomeInfoDb_1.40.1         IRanges_2.38.1             
[39] S4Vectors_0.42.1            BiocGenerics_0.50.0        
[41] MatrixGenerics_1.16.0       matrixStats_1.5.0          
[43] nnSVG_1.8.0                 workflowr_1.7.1            

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
  [1] goftest_1.2-3             DT_0.33                  
  [3] Biostrings_2.72.1         vctrs_0.6.5              
  [5] spatstat.random_3.3-3     digest_0.6.37            
  [7] png_0.1-8                 proxy_0.4-27             
  [9] git2r_0.33.0              ggrepel_0.9.6            
 [11] deldir_2.0-4              parallelly_1.43.0        
 [13] magick_2.8.6              MASS_7.3-65              
 [15] reshape2_1.4.4            httpuv_1.6.15            
 [17] withr_3.0.2               xfun_0.51                
 [19] survival_3.8-3            memoise_2.0.1            
 [21] benchmarkme_1.0.8         ggbeeswarm_0.7.2         
 [23] zoo_1.8-13                pbapply_1.7-2            
 [25] Formula_1.2-5             rematch2_2.1.2           
 [27] KEGGREST_1.44.1           promises_1.3.2           
 [29] httr_1.4.7                rstatix_0.7.2            
 [31] restfulr_0.0.15           globals_0.16.3           
 [33] fitdistrplus_1.2-2        ps_1.9.0                 
 [35] rstudioapi_0.17.1         UCSC.utils_1.0.0         
 [37] miniUI_0.1.1.1            generics_0.1.3           
 [39] processx_3.8.6            curl_6.2.2               
 [41] fields_16.3.1             zlibbioc_1.50.0          
 [43] ScaledMatrix_1.12.0       polyclip_1.10-7          
 [45] doSNOW_1.0.20             GenomeInfoDbData_1.2.12  
 [47] ExperimentHub_2.12.0      SparseArray_1.4.8        
 [49] golem_0.5.1               xtable_1.8-4             
 [51] stringr_1.5.1             pracma_2.4.4             
 [53] evaluate_1.0.3            S4Arrays_1.4.1           
 [55] BiocFileCache_2.12.0      colorspace_2.1-1         
 [57] filelock_1.0.3            ROCR_1.0-11              
 [59] reticulate_1.42.0         spatstat.data_3.1-6      
 [61] shinyWidgets_0.9.0        magrittr_2.0.3           
 [63] lmtest_0.9-40             later_1.4.1              
 [65] viridis_0.6.5             lattice_0.22-7           
 [67] misc3d_0.9-1              spatstat.geom_3.3-6      
 [69] future.apply_1.11.3       getPass_0.2-4            
 [71] scattermore_1.2           XML_3.99-0.18            
 [73] cowplot_1.1.3             RcppAnnoy_0.0.22         
 [75] class_7.3-23              pillar_1.10.1            
 [77] nlme_3.1-168              compiler_4.4.3           
 [79] beachmat_2.20.0           RSpectra_0.16-2          
 [81] stringi_1.8.7             tensor_1.5               
 [83] GenomicAlignments_1.40.0  plyr_1.8.9               
 [85] crayon_1.5.3              abind_1.4-8              
 [87] BiocIO_1.14.0             locfit_1.5-9.12          
 [89] bit_4.6.0                 dplyr_1.1.4              
 [91] whisker_0.4.1             codetools_0.2-20         
 [93] BiocSingular_1.20.0       openssl_2.3.2            
 [95] bslib_0.9.0               paletteer_1.6.0          
 [97] plotly_4.10.4             mime_0.13                
 [99] splines_4.4.3             fastDummies_1.7.5        
[101] dbplyr_2.5.0              sparseMatrixStats_1.16.0 
[103] attempt_0.3.1             knitr_1.50               
[105] blob_1.2.4                BiocVersion_3.19.1       
[107] fs_1.6.5                  listenv_0.9.1            
[109] DelayedMatrixStats_1.26.0 rdist_0.0.5              
[111] ggsignif_0.6.4            tibble_3.2.1             
[113] callr_3.7.6               statmod_1.5.0            
[115] pkgconfig_2.0.3           tools_4.4.3              
[117] BRISC_1.0.6               cachem_1.1.0             
[119] RhpcBLASctl_0.23-42       RSQLite_2.3.9            
[121] viridisLite_0.4.2         DBI_1.2.3                
[123] fastmap_1.2.0             rmarkdown_2.29           
[125] scales_1.3.0              grid_4.4.3               
[127] ica_1.0-3                 Rsamtools_2.20.0         
[129] broom_1.0.8               AnnotationHub_3.12.0     
[131] sass_0.4.9                BiocManager_1.30.25      
[133] dotCall64_1.2             carData_3.0-5            
[135] RANN_2.6.2                snow_0.4-4               
[137] farver_2.1.2              yaml_2.3.10              
[139] rtracklayer_1.64.0        cli_3.6.4                
[141] purrr_1.0.4               lifecycle_1.0.4          
[143] askpass_1.2.1             uwot_0.2.3               
[145] backports_1.5.0           bluster_1.14.0           
[147] sessioninfo_1.2.3         BiocParallel_1.38.0      
[149] gtable_0.3.6              rjson_0.2.23             
[151] ggridges_0.5.6            progressr_0.15.1         
[153] limma_3.60.6              jsonlite_2.0.0           
[155] edgeR_4.2.2               RcppHNSW_0.6.0           
[157] bitops_1.0-9              benchmarkmeData_1.0.4    
[159] bit64_4.6.0-1             spatstat.utils_3.1-3     
[161] BiocNeighbors_1.22.0      matlab_1.0.4.1           
[163] jquerylib_0.1.4           metapod_1.12.0           
[165] config_0.3.2              dqrng_0.4.1              
[167] spatstat.univar_3.1-2     lazyeval_0.2.2           
[169] shiny_1.10.0              htmltools_0.5.8.1        
[171] sctransform_0.4.1         rappdirs_0.3.3           
[173] glue_1.8.0                tcltk_4.4.3              
[175] spam_2.11-1               XVector_0.44.0           
[177] RCurl_1.98-1.17           rprojroot_2.0.4          
[179] gridExtra_2.3             igraph_2.1.4             
[181] R6_2.6.1                  tidyr_1.3.1              
[183] labeling_0.4.3            CompQuadForm_1.4.3       
[185] cluster_2.1.8.1           DelayedArray_0.30.1      
[187] tidyselect_1.2.1          vipor_0.4.7              
[189] maps_3.4.2.1              car_3.1-3                
[191] AnnotationDbi_1.66.0      future_1.34.0            
[193] rsvd_1.0.5                munsell_0.5.1            
[195] KernSmooth_2.23-26        data.table_1.17.0        
[197] htmlwidgets_1.6.4         RColorBrewer_1.1-3       
[199] rlang_1.1.5               spatstat.sparse_3.1-0    
[201] spatstat.explore_3.4-2    beeswarm_0.4.0